Fennel

Foeniculum vulgare

Features

Fennel is a fast growing perennial that can reach a height of 2m. It has a bulbous fleshy base with hollow stems and delicate dark green leaves that have a strong aniseed aroma. Flat bright yellow flowers appear on the top of the plant in summer.

Fennel spreads quickly so it should only be planted where an unwanted spread can be controlled easily.

Growing Methods

Seeds should be planted 6mm deep and thin to 30cm apart directly where they are to grown during spring. Keep well watered during spring and summer ensuring consistent moisture around the roots. Watering can be decreased from mid-autumn.

Fertilising isn't necessary if the soil is rich and fertile otherwise use plant food once a year in early spring.

Harvesting

Leaves can be picked any time from late spring to late summer; seeds are ready for harvest when ripe in late summer. Pick leaves as required as they will lose their flavour quickly and do not dry well. Small bunches will last up to six months when wrapped in plastic wrap and frozen.

Uses

Fennel has many cosmetic, culinary and medical uses. The seeds can be used with water to create a refreshing face rinse that helps to reduce wrinkles and tone the skin. Seeds are also noted for their aid to digestion, a mild laxative and help freshen breath when chewed.

Leaves can be used in many dishes such as fish, pasta, potatoes and vinegars. The bulb can be eaten cold in salads or cooked.